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BN2204 FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOMECHANICS

BN2204ย FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOMECHANICS
2016/2017, Semester 2ย  Engineering (Biomedical Engineering)

Modular Credits: 4 Class Size: 95

Learning Outcomes

The module aims to introduce students to the applications of engineering statics and dynamics to perform simple force analysis of the musculoskeletal system; give an appreciation of kinematics and kinetics of human motions; apply the fundamentals of mechanics, i.e. stress and strain in biological systems, shear force, bending moment and torsion.

At the end of this course, students should be able to:

  1. Draw free body diagrams and identify unknown reaction forces and moments
  2. Solve statically determinate problems involving rigid bodies, pin-jointed structures
  3. Understand the concepts of engineering stress, strain and materials behaviour
  4. Determine the load distributions and corresponding stresses and strains in structures under tension, shear, compression, torsion and bending
  5. Design structures to prevent failure including buckling
  6. Describe the anatomical structures of the major joints and spine of a human body and relate to body movement and functions
  7. Analyze the kinematics & kinetics of human movement
  8. Explain the time dependent behavior of human movement

Prerequisites

PC1431 Physics IE

Teaching Modes

Module will consists of Lectures, Tutorials, Labs and Continual Assessment (CA) where:

โ€ขย ย  CA will comprise term papers/quizzes (20%) and lab assignments (30%).
โ€ขย ย ย  As such, total CA will constitute 50% of the total marks. The rest of 50% will come from the final examination.
ย ย 

Lecture

Tutorial

Lab

Lecturer

Wk 1: 9 Jan
Wk 2: 16 Jan
Wk 3: 23 Jan
Wk 4: CNY
Wk 5: 6 Feb

Wk 1: –
Wk 2: 19 Jan
Wk 3: –
Wk 4: 2 Feb
Wk 5: 9 Feb

Wk 1: –
Wk 2: 20 Jan
Wk 3: 25 Jan
Wk 4: 1,3 Feb
Wk 5: 8,10 Feb

Prof. Lim Chwee Teck

Wk 6: 13,16 Feb

Wk 6:-

Wk 6:-

A/Prof. Toh Siew Lok

18 – 26 Feb RECESS WEEK

Wk 7: 27 Feb
Wk 8: 6 Mar

Wk 7: 2 Mar
Wk 8: 9 Mar

Wk 7:-
Wk 8:-

Wk 9: 13 Mar
wk 10: 20 Mar
Wk 11: 27 Mar
Wk 12: 3 Apr
Wk 13: 10 Apr

Wk 9: 16 Mar (Quiz)
wk 10: 23 Mar
Wk 11: 30 Mar
Wk 12: 6 Apr
Wk 13: 13 Apr

Wk 9:-15, 17 Mar
wk 10: 22,24 Mar
Wk 11: 29,31 Mar
Wk 12: 5, 7 Apr
Wk 13:-

Asst Prof. Ren Hongliang

Wk 17 Apr

Reading Week

Wk 15: 22 Apr onwards

Examination

Module

Lab Group

Lab Time

Exp 1

Exp 2

BN2204

U01

Wed 2 – 5

25-Jan

29-Mar

BN2204

U02

Wed 2 – 5

1-Feb

22-Mar

BN2204

U03

Wed 2 – 5

8-Feb

15-Mar

BN2204

U04

Wed 2 – 5

15-Feb

8-Mar

BN2204

U05

Friย  9 – 12

20-Jan

17-Mar

BN2204

U06

Friย  9 – 12

3-Feb

24-Mar

BN2204

U07

Friย  9 – 12

10-Feb

10-Mar

BN2204

U08

Friย  9 – 12

17-Feb

31-Mar

Syllabus

Prof Lim C.T.

  1. Introduction to Biomechanics
  2. Statics applied to Biomechanics
    1. Characteristics of Forces; Static Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies
  3. Introduction to Mechanics of Deformable Body
    1. Concept of Stress and Strain
    2. Basic mechanical loads
    3. Behaviour of elastic and viscoelastic materials

ย 
Prof Toh S.L.

  1. Indeterminate systems (Axial & Torsion)
  2. Combined stresses
  3. Failure Theories
  4. Fatigue & Endurance

ย 
Prof Ren H.L.

  1. Biomechanical analysis of human motion
  2. Body and joint movement
  3. Kinematics โ€“ Linear and Angular
  4. Kinetic โ€“ Linear and Angular
  5. Gait analysis
  6. Inverse dynamics and link-segment modelling
EG1109/EG1109M Statics and Mechanics of Materials
ย 
2-1-0.5-3-3.5

Workload Components : A-B-C-D-E
A: no. of lecture hours per week
B: no. of tutorial hours per week
C: no. of lab hours per week
D: no. of hours for projects, assignments, fieldwork etc per week
E: no. of hours for preparatory work by a student per week

Force/Torque Sensor for Tele-operated Catheterization Procedures

Abstract

A tele-operated robotic catheterization system can significantly alleviate the surgeons from radiation exposure and fatigue resulted from long standing time with protective suits. Proximal force/torque signals imply the critical information about the contact forces between the catheter and its surrounding structures. This paper presents a compact, cost-effective force and torque sensing device suitable for catheterization procedures to measure the proximal force/torque signals of the input catheter. The device consists of a rotatable and linear retractable mechanism, a laser mouse sensor, and a coil spring. As the stretched, compressed, and twisted values vary due to the sliding joint, the force and torque signals can be computed based on the Hooke’s law. The proposed sensing device has many advantages such as cost-effective, easily miniaturized and customized, and can be extended to the MRI compatible sensors. The experimental results with step response and time-varying loads by comparing to an ATI Nano17 force/torque sensor show that the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) for force and torque measurement are 0.042 N and 0.228 mNm respectively.

Video PPT demo

Publications

J. Guo; M. Li; P. Ho & H. Ren Design and Performance Evaluation of a Force/Torque Sensor for Tele-operated Catheterization Procedures IEEE Sensors Journal, 2016, PP, 1-8

Surgical Manipulator based on Parallel Mechanism

Abstract

We presents a 5-DOF manipulator which consists of three parts, 1-DOF translational joint, a bendable skeleton (2-DOF for Omni-directional bending motion), and a rotatable forceps gripper (1-DOF for rotation, 1-DOF for opening/closing). The bendable segment in the manipulator achieves two orthogonal bending DOFs by pulling or pushing three parallel universal-joint-based shaft chains. Forward and inverse kinematics of the bendable skeleton is analyzed. The workspace calculation illustrates that the structure of the three parallel shaft chains can reach a bending angle of 90 degree in arbitrarily direction. The reachability of the manipulator is simulated in Adams. According to the surgical requirements, the manipulator is actuated to draw circle during the tests while the end effector is kept bending at 60 degree. The results show that the end effector can precisely track the planning trajectory (precision within 1 mm).

Video demo

Publications

Q. Liu; J. CHEN; S. Shen; B. Zhang; M. G. Fujie; C. M. Lim & H. REN Design, Kinematics, Simulation of Omni-directional Bending Reachability for a Parallel Structure Forceps Manipulator BioRob2016, 6th IEEE RAS/EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics, June 26-29, 2016, Singapore, 201